Leg Ulcers

Leg ulcers are open sores that develop on the lower extremities, typically on the ankles or the sides of the legs. They can be a result of various underlying conditions, and they often indicate an underlying problem with blood circulation or venous insufficiency. Here are some key points about leg ulcers:

Causes:

Venous Insufficiency: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common cause of leg ulcers. It occurs when the valves in the leg veins are damaged, leading to poor circulation and increased pressure in the veins.

Arterial Insufficiency: Reduced blood flow to the legs due to arterial disease can result in tissue damage and ulcers.

Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing ulcers due to complications such as neuropathy and poor wound healing.

Trauma or Injury: Injuries to the skin, including cuts, burns, or trauma, can lead to ulcer formation.

Inflammatory Conditions: Conditions such as vasculitis or pyoderma gangrenosum can cause ulcers.

Infection: Infections, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems, can contribute to the development of ulcers.

Symptoms:

Persistent open sores on the legs, ankles, or feet.

Pain or tenderness around the ulcer.

Swelling in the affected leg.

Discoloration or changes in the skin around the ulcer.

Diagnosis:

Our vascular specialists will typically perform a physical examination and may order imaging studies, such as Doppler ultrasound or angiography, to assess blood flow in the affected area.

Treatment:

Wound Care: Keeping the ulcer clean and properly dressed is crucial for preventing infection and promoting healing.

Compression Therapy: For venous ulcers, wearing compression stockings or using other compression devices can help improve blood circulation.

Elevation: Elevating the affected leg when resting can reduce swelling and promote better blood flow.

Management of Underlying Conditions: Treating the underlying cause, such as addressing venous insufficiency or arterial disease, is essential for preventing recurrence.

Medications: Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is evidence of infection, and pain management medications may be used as needed.

Debridement: Removing dead or infected tissue from the ulcer may be necessary for healing.

In severe cases, or if conservative measures are not effective, more advanced treatments such as skin grafts or other surgical interventions may be considered.

It’s crucial for individuals with leg ulcers to seek prompt medical attention. Delayed treatment can lead to complications, including infection and the development of chronic wounds. Our vascular specialists can determine the underlying cause of the ulcer and recommend appropriate management strategies.